Understanding Dog Aggression
Recognising the Signs and Causes
Dogs are beloved companions, but like any animal, they can exhibit aggressive behaviours under certain circumstances. Understanding the signs of aggression in dogs can help prevent dangerous situations and ensure the safety of both pets and people. Below, we’ll explore common signs of dog aggression and what they might indicate.
Signs of Dog Aggression
Barking is a natural form of communication for dogs, but aggressive barking is deeper, more intense, and often accompanied by other warning signals. It may occur when a dog feels threatened, territorial, or protective.
Blocking your path
An aggressive dog may block your path as a way of asserting dominance, controlling space, or expressing fear-based reactivity. This behaviour is often a warning sign that the dog feels threatened, territorial, or uncertain about your presence.
Growling
Growling is a clear warning that a dog is uncomfortable or perceives a threat. Ignoring this signal can lead to escalation, so it's crucial to identify the cause and address it appropriately.
Lunging
A dog that suddenly lunges at a person or another animal is displaying a high level of aggression. This behaviour may be triggered by fear, territorial instincts, or previous negative experiences.
Raised Fur
Also known as piloerection, raised fur along the spine or shoulders is a sign that a dog is on high alert. It often accompanies other aggressive behaviours and indicates heightened arousal or stress.
Slow Tail Wagging
Unlike the happy, fast tail wag often associated with excitement, a slow, stiff wag can indicate uncertainty or potential aggression. Observing body language alongside tail movement is essential to understanding intent.
Snarling
Snarling—showing teeth while growling—is an intensified warning signal. It suggests the dog is extremely uncomfortable and may escalate to biting if the perceived threat continues.
Stiff Body
A tense, rigid posture signals a dog is prepared to react defensively or aggressively. Unlike relaxed dogs, an aggressive dog will hold a stiff stance with its weight forward, showing readiness to act.
Visible Whites of Eyes
When a dog’s eyes show more white than usual (known as “whale eye”), it often indicates anxiety, discomfort, or aggression. This is a warning sign that the dog is feeling uneasy and might react negatively if provoked.
What Causes Dog Aggression?
Dog aggression can stem from various factors, including:
Fear: A fearful dog may become aggressive as a defence mechanism.
Territorial: Dogs can be protective of their space, food, or toys.
Pain or illness: Medical conditions can make dogs more irritable and prone to aggression.
Lack of socialisation: Dogs that haven’t been properly socialised may react aggressively to unfamiliar situations.
Past trauma: Dogs with a history of abuse or neglect may develop defensive aggression.
How to Respond to Aggression
If a dog is displaying aggressive behaviour, it’s important to remain calm and avoid direct confrontation. Slowly try to move away, but do not turn your back. If possible create a barrier between you and the dog.
Understanding dog aggression allows you to recognise warning signs early and take proactive steps to manage or prevent dangerous situations.